.. index:: single: naive_bayes .. _naive_bayes/0:

.. rst-class:: right

object

naive_bayes

Naive Bayes classifier with Laplace smoothing and Gaussian distribution support. Learns from a dataset object implementing the dataset_protocol protocol and returns a classifier term that can be used for prediction and exported as predicate clauses.

| Availability: | logtalk_load(naive_bayes(loader))

| Author: Paulo Moura | Version: 1:0:0 | Date: 2026-02-20

| Compilation flags: | static, context_switching_calls

| Implements: | public :ref:`classifier_protocol <classifier_protocol/0>` | Uses: | :ref:`format <format/0>` | :ref:`list <list/0>` | :ref:`pairs <pairs/0>` | :ref:`population <population/0>`

| Remarks:

• Algorithm: Naive Bayes is a probabilistic classifier based on Bayes theorem with strong (naive) independence assumptions between features.
• Categorical features: Uses Laplace smoothing to handle unseen feature values.
• Continuous features: Uses Gaussian (normal) distribution to model numeric features.
• Classifier representation: The learned classifier is represented by default as nb_classifier(Classes, ClassPriors, AttributeNames, FeatureTypes, FeatureParams) where FeatureParams contains the learned probabilities or statistics for each feature.

| Inherited public predicates: |  :ref:`classifier_protocol/0::classifier_to_clauses/4`  :ref:`classifier_protocol/0::classifier_to_file/4`  :ref:`classifier_protocol/0::learn/2`  :ref:`classifier_protocol/0::predict/3`  :ref:`classifier_protocol/0::print_classifier/1`  

.. contents:: :local: :backlinks: top

Public predicates

.. index:: predict_probabilities/3 .. _naive_bayes/0::predict_probabilities/3:

predict_probabilities/3 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Predicts class probabilities for a new instance using the learned classifier. Returns a list of Class-Probability pairs. The instance is a list of Attribute-Value pairs.

| Compilation flags: | static

| Template: | predict_probabilities(Classifier,Instance,Probabilities) | Mode and number of proofs: | predict_probabilities(+compound,+list,-list) - one

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Protected predicates

(no local declarations; see entity ancestors if any)

Private predicates

(no local declarations; see entity ancestors if any)

Operators

(none)

.. seealso::

:ref:`dataset_protocol <dataset_protocol/0>`, :ref:`isolation_forest <isolation_forest/0>`, :ref:`c45 <c45/0>`, :ref:`knn <knn/0>`, :ref:`nearest_centroid <nearest_centroid/0>`, :ref:`random_forest <random_forest/0>`, :ref:`ada_boost <ada_boost/0>`